Will DMARC replace SPF and DKIM?

DMARC doesn't replace SPF and DKIM; it requires them. **DMARC** is a policy layer that instructs receivers how to handle messages failing **SPF** or **DKIM** checks. Like a supervisor overseeing workers, **DMARC** directs the other protocols' outputs.

Technical dependency: **DMARC alignment** requires either **SPF** or **DKIM** to pass and align with the header From domain. Without underlying **SPF** and **DKIM**, **DMARC** has nothing to evaluate. The protocols work as a system, not alternatives.

Future evolution: **ARC** (Authenticated Received Chain) extends this system for forwarding scenarios. New standards may add capabilities, but **SPF** (sender authorization), **DKIM** (message integrity), and **DMARC** (policy enforcement) serve distinct functions that remain necessary.