How does AI-based fingerprinting detect previously unseen spam?

AI based fingerprinting detects previously unseen spam by identifying structural patterns rather than exact content matches. Even when spammers vary text, images, and links, underlying patterns in message construction often remain consistent and detectable.

These fingerprints capture characteristics like HTML structure, whitespace patterns, header anomalies, and sending behavior that persist across variations. A spam campaign changing surface content while maintaining consistent underlying structure still matches fingerprint patterns.

This approach catches zero day spam that evades content based filters. By recognizing structural patterns from known spam campaigns, filters can block new variants before they generate sufficient complaints to train traditional content models.