How to troubleshoot SPF “permerror” or “temperror”?

SPF error troubleshooting:

Permerror (permanent error):

Syntax error in SPF record

Exceeded 10 DNS lookup limit

Multiple SPF records at same name

Circular references

Fix by correcting record syntax or reducing lookups.

Temperror (temporary error):

DNS lookup timed out

DNS server unavailable

Network issues during lookup

Usually resolves itself. If persistent, check DNS server reliability.

Diagnosis:

Use SPF validator to identify specific error

Count lookups manually through include chain

Check for duplicate SPF records

Permanent errors require fixing the documents. Temporary errors usually clear when systems recover.