What is a DNS-related bounce?
A DNS-related bounce indicates domain resolution failure:
What DNS does for email:
Translates domain names to IP addresses. Locates MX records for mail routing. Provides SPF, DKIM, and DMARC records.
DNS failure types:
Domain not found: Domain does not exist in DNS. No MX records: Domain exists but no mail servers defined. DNS timeout: Lookup did not complete in time. SERVFAIL: DNS server error.
Bounce implications:
Permanent if domain truly does not exist. Temporary if DNS infrastructure having issues. May affect all addresses at that domain.
Typical codes:
550 with "host not found." 5.4.4 (unable to route). 4.4.3 (temporary routing failure).
DNS is the address book of the internet. Without it, mail has nowhere to go.
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