What are ransom phishing scams (fake threats)?

Ransom phishing claims to have compromising information and demands payment to prevent release. Unlike actual ransomware, these scams typically have no real leverage; they rely on fear to extract payment.

Common claims: "I hacked your webcam," "I have your browsing history," "I infected your device." Messages include fake technical details and cryptocurrency payment instructions. Most are empty threats.

Recognition: these emails are usually mass-sent with no personalization, contain technical inaccuracies, and use old breached passwords as "proof." Legitimate ransomware attackers demonstrate access; scammers just claim it.