How does Gmail’s “report spam” button data feed into filtering?

When Gmail users click "Report Spam," the signal feeds into multiple systems:

Per-user filtering learns that this specific recipient does not want mail from you. Future messages from your domain may go directly to that user's spam folder.

Aggregate reputation tracking adds the complaint to your domain's overall spam rate visible in Postmaster Tools. High rates damage reputation across all Gmail recipients.

Machine learning models use complaint patterns to identify spam characteristics. If many users report similar content, the models learn to filter matching messages preemptively.

Each spam report is a vote against your mail that influences both individual and collective decisions. Enough votes train the system to treat your content as unwanted before it even reaches the inbox.