What is DNS caching and how does it affect testing?
DNS caching stores lookup results at multiple levels: your browser, operating system, local network resolver, and ISP resolver.
When testing DNS changes, caching causes confusion:
You see old values: Your computer cached the old record. The new one exists but you cannot see it.
Different results: Different resolvers show different values depending on when they cached.
Testing strategies: Use online DNS tools that query authoritative servers directly. Try different public resolvers (8.8.8.8, 1.1.1.1). Flush local DNS cache.
Wait for TTL to expire for full propagation, or query authoritative servers directly to verify changes immediately.
Checking your own notes shows what you wrote down, not what the registry currently says.
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