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What happens with alias addresses under DMARC?

It depends on how the alias is handled by the server. An alias such as sales@ forwarding to bob@ is a form of auto forwarding.

If it is simple forwarding SPF will break due to the new IP but DKIM will pass. If the original message had aligned DKIM then DMARC will still pass.

If it is remailing both SPF and DKIM will break which causes DMARC to fail. This is where ARC is necessary to preserve the original authentication results.